Through the "Piedmont Orientation Objective" strategic objective, the Piedmont Region, in agreement with institutions, territorial groups of operators, trainers and teachers, offers an integrated system with a network of over 170 territorial branches, a dedicated online area, a package of online guides, refresher opportunities, local events and activities which, by systematising and enhancing proven good practices, allow children and their families to make informed choices throughout the education-training-world of work supply chain.
For further information, consult the website www.regione.piemonte.it/orientamento
Each CFP center provides Services for Acceptance/Welcoming and Guidance at specific times in an office where the person delivering guidance and advice is in charge of creating a relationship with all the people coming to the Center, take care of each and everyone to meet their needs.
It is by now acknowledged that guidance is a cross-discipline which is deeply connected with methods from other disciplines such as philosophy od education, pedagogical methodology and anthropology.
For what concerns guidance AFP looks at:
OBSERVATION as it gives the person delivering guidance important information on personal interests, hobbies and extra-school activities chosen and loved by students as well as the school subjects loved by them. This kind of information is very important to create a good and effective school and professional planning of the people involved.
COMMUNICATION/INTERVIEW: it can have or not have a proper structure. A structured interview is conducted by an expert and is based on previously thought questions to gather information on specific facts, events and behaviours of the person. A non-structured interview looks into a specific area of behaviour roughly defined. In both types of interviews it is important to distinguish between fact and events from the information gathered concerning the same facts and events. The first ones belong to the realm of the personal history of the person (illness during childhood, school failing, use of drugs); the latter ones are interpretations of the facts and therefore voluntarily or involuntarily modified (the relationship with parents, the idea the person has about the way he/she was treated by parents, an evaluation on learning by teachers). The interview is a good tool to get information about the family of the person (organization and typology of family, relationships, tensions) and about the school career (successes, problems, interferences, motivation). The interview other than gathering information can also be used to summarize and put together all the different information on the student; all the tests, questionnaires, marks and the interview takes place with the student, his/her parents and teachers.
In tutti due i tipi di colloquio occorre distinguere i fatti e gli eventi dalle informazioni ottenute sui fatti e sugli eventi stessi. I primi appartengono alla anamnesi (malattie superate nell'infanzia, bocciature, assunzione delle sostanze stupefacenti); le seconde sono delle interpretazioni dei fatti e quindi facilmente alterate volontariamente o involontariamente (il rapporto del soggetto con i genitori, il giudizio come è stato trattato dai genitori, la valutazione dell'apprendimento da parte di un insegnante). Il colloquio offre ricche conoscenze sulla famiglia del soggetto (composizione, rapporti, tensioni) e sul suo iter scolastico (successi, difficoltà, condizionamenti; motivazione allo studio). Il colloquio, oltre alla raccolta di informazioni, svolge la sua funzione di sintesi in cui vengono messi insieme vari dati ottenuti sul soggetto per mezzo di test, questionari, voti e il colloquio viene effettuato con il soggetto, con i suoi genitori e i docenti.
NON-STANDRDIZED TOOLS are several and developed out of descriptions of groups needing action (undecided subjects) and to check and verify hypothesis (option to enhance self-efficacy of subjects who show signs of having lost positive thinking and trust in others). Such instruments are widely used in Sociology are targeted to groups and never to single people. For this reason they cannot be used for the analysis of single people as their validity has not been tested. Many experts in this field work on, adapt, change and transform these instruments for their specific needs which they can make a good use of but always and exclusively when working with groups.
STANDARDIZED TOOLS are all the ones worked out using a specific methodology, starting from the definition of a specific goal and area to work on, moving afterwards on with an analysis of these and verifying the validity of the tool used. Such tools are published by specific publishing houses which only sell them to psychologists members of the psychology board. Standardized tools are divided in evaluation grids (self and external), questionnaires and tests. Many of these tools show characteristics whose results need to be interpreted with great caution and competence. Part of these are attitudinal tests both for individual people and for groups, some questionnaires (self esteem, mechanisms of self protection, tendency to deviance and pathology). Many other tools can be used by and be beneficial to teachers (objective tests of all subjects, personal and professional interests…). A useful classification of these tools was proposed decades ago by Raymond Cattell as he created three main categories according to the content and methods used: L-data (Life), Q-data (Questionnaire) e T-data (Test).